Viruses, Masters at Downsizing

Mortality patterns following downsizing at Pan American World Airways.

There are only a small number of studies on the health effects of involuntary unemployment (e.g., downsizing), and results are contradictory. The authors studied the mortality through 2002 of 13,370 Pan American World Airways employees who were born before 1940 and whose records were available after the company's bankruptcy in 1991. The cohort was divided into those who left work voluntarily (5...

Low accretion rates at the AGN cosmic downsizing epoch

Context. X-ray surveys of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) indicate “cosmic downsizing”, with the comoving number density of highluminosity objects peaking at higher redshifts (z ∼ 2) than low-luminosity AGN (z < 1). Aims. We test whether downsizing is caused by activity shifting towards low-mass black holes accreting at near-Eddington rates, or by a change in the average rate of accretion onto sup...

Downsizing Effects on Organizational Development Capabilities at an Electric Utility

observations it was believed that this would be true for electric utility employees. However, deregulation of the electric market is bringing the long era of guaranteed prosperity of electric utilities to a close. The electric utility where this study was completed envisions transforming to a competitive learning organization. Currently its culture is primarily static in nature. And, the entitl...

Downsizing 1 Downsizing Effects on Survivors: Layoffs, Offshoring & Outsourcing

In a representative sample of 13,683 U.S. employees, we compared survivors of layoffs, offshoring, outsourcing, and their combinations to a group who experienced no downsizing. Survivors of layoffs perceived lower organizational performance, job security, affective attachment, calculative attachment, and had higher turnover intentions than the comparison. Offshoring survivors perceived lower pe...

Employee Morale during Downsizing